The water flows into the top of the filter and is fed through a special irrigation plate to distribute the water evenly over the filter filling. The filter is filled with air so that the water runs down the trickling bodies. Bacteria settle on this material, which treat the water biologically: organic substances are broken down and ammonia is oxidised via nitrite to nitrate (nitrification).
If there is a higher organic load or a lack of oxygen in the aquarium, we recommend forced ventilation of the filter with air. For this purpose, an air pump is installed on the upper ventilation valve (approx. half the air capacity as the installed water capacity).
Even in aquariums where no skimmer is installed, the TKF trickle filter plays an important role in the gas balance: oxygen is enriched (with forced ventilation installed) and carbon dioxide is discharged, thus slightly increasing the pH value.