Filter Technique

The most common filters for a modern marine aquarium are described here. Filter systems can be divided into different groups.

According to the installation type:

• Internal filter / hang-in: in the aquarium or in the filter tank.
• External filter: the filter is placed outside the aquarium or filter tank.
• Filter sump: the filter can be placed in the filter basin.
• Hang-on: the filter can be hung on the outside of an aquarium or filter basin.
• Wall mounting: the filter is hung on a mounting wall.
• Inline: the filter is so small that it is installed directly in the piping system.
• MediaCup: simple filters that can be placed in the filter basin or hung in a holding system.

By function (some filters can solve multiple tasks):

• Particle filters: anything larger than colloids falls into this category.
• Biofilter: with the help of specialised bacteria and algae, substances are converted.
  • oxic filters: oxygen is needed for the process.
  • Anaerobic: oxygen is needed in bound form (nitrate, sulphate, etc.).
  • anoxic: fermentation processes take place in which no oxygen is required.
• Physico-chemical filters: Processes such as adsorption, dissolution, irradiation, ion exchange or precipitation take place.
• Membrane filters: remove dissolved substances, colloids and extremely small particles.

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